Specific Recommendations: How to Integrate UAVs into the National Airspace System
I just wrote about the pressure the FAA is feeling to allow UAV operations in the National Airspace System. Although I'm not a fan of the idea in general, I realize it's going to happen some day. As such, I'd like to present some of what I think should end up as regulations for UAV operations. I don't mean this to be a complete list. Please take a minute to read through them and leave a comment with your feedback.
The FAA has contracted the RTCA Special Committee 203 as the body to help them figure out this issue. I don't presume to think any of them read AviationBull, but I hope these points make it to them. As someone who's shared plenty of airspace with UAVs, here are some things we need before we let them into our national airspace system:
- In any given type of airspace, a UAV must be equipped to sense all other types of air traffic they might encounter. This means something more than transponders or ADS-B in that airspace where such equipment is not required. It also means detecting things like fabric covered wooden-frame gliders and hot air balloons not equipped with electrical systems.
- UAVs need software to enact effective avoidance maneuvers and they need to give right of way to manned aircraft.
- UAV operators must be qualified as pilots according to 14 CFR Part 61. Since they're "flying" for hire, this means they need a commercial rating. The non-visual nature of their operations means that they also need to have an instrument rating. These ratings should be acquired in manned aircraft. This is the absolute minimum of prudence and safety, in my opinion.
- In order to help and encourage UAV operators to remember they are pilots and that their aircraft represent threats to other pilots with families at home, they need to have a currency requirement to operate manned aircraft. At a minimum, this should be the same as everyone else: 3 landings every 90 days. Preferably, they should be required to fly in airspace shared with the unmanned aircraft they operate so that they can directly observe how those operations impact manned aircraft.
- UAVs must be equipped with radios and the operators must use them. If nothing else, they should monitor the CTAF for the nearest airport. Ideally, they should also always be under air traffic control just like all the other IFR traffic out there that can't see conflicts.
This list may seem a bit demanding. I'm not presenting it as an argument to keep UAVs out of our skies. I am, however, asserting that this is the bare minimum of what is required to keep everyone safe. I am probably missing several points and I may have gone too far. what does everyone else out there think? Leave a comment and let us know what you think it'll take for UAVs and manned aircraft to safely share our airspace.







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